Which of the following is an example of a goitrogenic food?

Goitrogenic foods are those that contain substances which can interfere with thyroid function by inhibiting the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Kale is a member of the cruciferous vegetable family, which includes broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and cabbage. These vegetables are known to contain compounds called goitrogens—specifically, glucosinolates—which can lead to decreased iodine uptake in the thyroid gland. When consumed in large quantities, especially when raw, these goitrogens can pose a risk to individuals who have existing thyroid conditions or iodine deficiency, as they may contribute to the formation of goiters.

In contrast, rice, carrots, and chicken do not possess significant goitrogenic properties. Rice is primarily a carbohydrate with minimal impact on thyroid function, carrots are rich in beta-carotene and do not affect the thyroid in a goitrogenic manner, and chicken is a source of protein and does not contain goitrogens. Thus, within the options provided, kale stands out as the example of a goitrogenic food due to its potential effects on thyroid hormone synthesis.